Site Info - Cosmopolitan.com.hk

Ibexa (formerly eZ Publish and eZ Platform) provides platforms for publishers and e-commerce.

PHP is a scripting language for creating websites.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language. This includes TypeScript.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.

Nuxt.js is an open source JavaScript framework based on Vue and Node.js.

Node.js is a server-side JavaScript environment for writing network programs such as web servers, originally developed by Ryan Dahl.

Envoy Proxy is a proxy server designed for large service-oriented architectures.

Tengine is an open source web server based on Nginx and originated by Taobao.

Alibaba a Chinese e-commerce and cloud computing company.

Alibaba a Chinese e-commerce and cloud computing company.

Cloudflare provides a content delivery network.

Cloudflare provides DNS servers and other web services.

Gmail is the email service provided by Google.

Sectigo (formerly Comodo CA) is a US-based SSL certificate authority.

Google Analytics is a free service to get detailed statistics about the visitors of a website, provided by Google. This includes the Ads conversion tracking and the Floodlight services.

Woopra is a real-time web tracking and analysis application by iFusion Labs.

Full Circle Studies collects information about general website visitation patterns as part of the ComScore market research.

The Google Advertising network consists of AdSense, DoubleClick and other services.

PubMatic is a marketing automation software provider.

Skimlinks is an advertising service, that inserts affiliate links into webpages.

The Google Tag Manager is a Google service to support webmasters to manage tags on their websites.

External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.

Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.

Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.

Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time of up to 1 day.

HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.

Non-secure cookies may be used via an unencrypted connections, which may be a security threat.

Brotli is a lossless compression algorithm developed by Google.

The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.

HTTP/2 is the second major version of the HTTP network protocol.

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.

Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.

Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.

A strong ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a byte-for-byte identical page in the cache.

The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.

Twitter/X Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to tweets.

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.

Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.

HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.

UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.

WebP is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression, developed by Google.

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