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Higher Logic Vanilla (formerly Vanilla Forums) is an open source forum software based on PHP and MySQL.

PHP is a scripting language for creating websites.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.

Next.js is an open source JavaScript framework based on React and Node.js.

Nginx (pronounced as "engine X") is a lightweight open source web server developed by Igor Sysoev.

Cloudflare Server is a web server developed by Cloudflare.

Node.js is a server-side JavaScript environment for writing network programs such as web servers, originally developed by Ryan Dahl.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Akamai is a content delivery network. This includes the former brands Instart Logic and StackPath.

Cloudflare provides a content delivery network.

Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery web service by Amazon.

Akamai is a content delivery network.

Microsoft is a multinational technology company headquartered in USA, also offering email services.

DigiCert is an SSL certificate authority. This includes Verizon, whose Enterprise SSL Business has been acquired by DigiCert.

GlobalSign is an IT security service provider, also operating as SSL certificate authority.

Starfield Technologies is an SSL certificate authority owned by Go Daddy.

Google Analytics is a free service to get detailed statistics about the visitors of a website, provided by Google. This includes the Ads conversion tracking and the Floodlight services.

Hotjar is a website analytics and feedback application.

The Google Advertising network consists of AdSense, DoubleClick and other services.

Outbrain is a native advertising platform.

Microsoft Advertising is an advertising platform by Microsoft. This includes the former brands Xandr, AppNexus, Aquantive and others.

Equativ (formerly Smart AdServer) is an advertising networks for ads served on the web, mobile and tablets.

OpenX (previously called phpAds, phpAdsNew, MaxMediaManager and Openads) is an open source ad management system and ad marketplace.

The Google Tag Manager is a Google service to support webmasters to manage tags on their websites.

Adobe DTM (Dynamic Tag Management) is a tag management system by Adobe, part of Abode Analytics. This includes Satellite, previously owned by Search Discovery, and Adobe TagManager.

Tealium offers a website tag management system.

External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.

Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.

Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.

Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.

HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.

Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.

Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.

Brotli is a lossless compression algorithm developed by Google.

A strong ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a byte-for-byte identical page in the cache.

The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.

HTTP/2 is the second major version of the HTTP network protocol.

HTTP/3 is the third major version of the HTTP network protocol, derived from the QUIC protocol.

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.

Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.

The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.

Twitter/X Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to tweets.

Microdata is a specification to integrate metadata within existing content on web pages.

Microformats is a approach to semantic markup which uses (X)HTML tags to convey additional metadata.

HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.

UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) is a lossless compression image format, originally introduced by CompuServe and suitable to store graphics, logos and simple animations.

AVIF (AV1 Image File Format) is an image file format specification for storing images or image sequences compressed with AV1 in the HEIF file format.

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